Various types of flame retardants
- time:
- 2019-05-13
Flame retardant science and technology is developed to meet the needs of social safety production and life, prevent fire, and protect people's lives and property.
1. According to the content of flame retardant elements
Flame retardants can be divided into halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants, phosphorus-halogen flame retardants, phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants and so on. In the pyrolysis process, halogen flame retardants decompose X? And HX, which capture and transfer combustion free radicals. HX can dilute the flammable gases produced during the pyrolysis of combustibles and cut off the contact between combustible gases and air. Phosphorus flame retardants produce phosphoric anhydride or phosphoric acid in the combustion process, which promotes the dehydration and carbonization of combustibles and prevents or reduces the production of combustible gases. Phosphoric anhydride also forms a glass-like melt covering the surface of combustible substances during pyrolysis, which promotes their oxidation to produce carbon dioxide and plays a flame retardant role. In nitrogen-based flame retardants, nitrogen compounds and combustibles play an important role in promoting cross-chain charring, reducing the decomposition temperature of combustibles and producing non-combustible gases, which play a role in diluting combustible gases. Phosphorus-halogen flame retardants and phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants achieve flame retardancy mainly through the synergistic effect of phosphorus-halogen and phosphorus-nitrogen. They have double effects of phosphorus-halogen and phosphorus-nitrogen, and the flame retardant effect is better.
2. Composition by component
According to the different components, it can be divided into three kinds: inorganic salt flame retardant, organic flame retardant and organic and inorganic mixed flame retardant. Inorganic flame retardants are the most widely used flame retardants at present. The main components of inorganic flame retardants are inorganic substances. The main products used are aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, boric acid and so on. The main components of organic flame retardants are organic compounds. The main products are halogen, phosphate, halogenated phosphate, etc. There are also some organic flame retardants used in durable flame retardant finishing of textile fabrics, such as hexabromo aqueous dispersion and decabromo-antimony trioxide flame retardant system, which have good washing resistance. Organic and inorganic mixed flame retardants are improved products of inorganic salt flame retardants, mainly using water-soluble organic phosphate ester water emulsion, partially replacing inorganic salt flame retardants. Among the three types of flame retardants, inorganic flame retardants are non-toxic, harmless, smokeless and halogen-free. They are widely used in various fields. The total demand accounts for more than half of the total demand for flame retardants, and the growth rate of demand is increasing.
3. According to the method of use
Flame retardants can be divided into additive type and reactive type according to different methods of use. Additive flame retardants mainly play the role of flame retardants by adding flame retardants to combustibles. Reactive flame retardants introduce flame-retardant groups into polymer materials through chemical reaction, so as to improve the flame resistance of materials, and to prevent materials from being ignited and inhibit flame propagation. Among the types of flame retardants, additive flame retardants are dominant, and they are widely used, accounting for about 85% of the flame retardants, while reactive flame retardants account for only 15%.
4. Flame Retardants for Resins
Flame Retardants Applicable to Materials
Polyolefin PP/PE: magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, TDCPP, ammonium polyphosphate, octabromoether, triphenyl phosphate, hexabromocyclododecane, MPP, zinc borate, decabromodiphenyl ethane, coated red phosphorus, TBC
PU: TCEP, TCPP, TDCPP, DMMP, triphenyl phosphate, MPP, FB
Unsaturated UPR: TCPP, TDCPP, DMMP, HBCD, TBC
Nylon PA6/PA66:MCA,
MPP, FB, decabromodiphenyl ethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, coated red phosphorus
Polyester PBT/PET: TDCPP, triphenyl phosphate, MPP, decabromodiphenyl ethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, coated red phosphorus
PS: TCPP, TDCPP, HBCD, MCA, TBC, MPP, decabromodiphenyl ethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, zinc borate
EP: TCPP, TDCPP, IPPP, DecaBDE, DMMP, Triphenyl Phosphate, DecaBDE
Polypropylene acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS: octabromoether, triphenyl phosphate, decabromodiphenyl ethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, TBC
Polycarbonate PC: triphenyl phosphate, HBCD, MCA
PVC: TCEP, TCPP, TDCPP, IPPP, MCA, octabromoether, triphenyl phosphate
PF: TCEP, TCPP, TDCPP, triphenyl phosphate, zinc borate
Paper: Phosphorus-Nitrogen Liquid Flame Retardant FR2003
Textile: Phosphorus-Nitrogen Liquid Flame Retardant FR2003 (Durability)
POM: MCA
Paint: TCPP, MCA, ammonium polyphosphate, zinc borate, MPP, PPO
Polytetrafluoroethylene powder
